Korean J Fam Pract. 2017; 7(5): 681-687  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2017.7.5.681
Relationship between Depression and Endoscopic Erosive Gastritis in Men and Women Aged over 40 Years
Youn-jung Cho, Tae-heum Jung*, Hyun-min Jin, Jeong-ho Kim, Dae-young Kim, Sun-jeong Kim
Department of Family Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
Tae-heum Jung
Tel: +82-52-250-7000, Fax: +82-52-250-7229
E-mail: jeongth@uuh.ulsan.kr
Received: February 27, 2017; Revised: June 14, 2017; Accepted: June 23, 2017; Published online: October 20, 2017.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Depression can cause damage to the gastric mucosal layer, such as gastric erosion and ulcers. However, the relationship between depression and gastritis or gastric ulcers is unclear. Despite the high prevalence of gastritis in Korea, there is a lack of research on the relationship between depression and gastritis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between depression and endoscopic erosive gastritis (EEG).
Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study involving 13,660 males and 4,587 females aged 40 years or older, who underwent a general health checkup between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015. Erosive gastritis was diagnosed using upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings, and the Korean version of the Beck Depression Inventory (K-BDI) was used to assess depression levels. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between depression and EEG.
Results: Among males, the group with EEG had a higher body mass index and a higher percentage of the participants in this group were ex-smokers, current smokers, and depressed, as compared to those without EEG. After adjusting for confounders (age, smoking, alcohol, Helicobacter pylori, and body mass index), the male depressive group (K-BDI≥16) had 1.2 times higher risk for EEG (odds ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.44), but these factors were not statistically significant in women.
Conclusion: Depression may be an independent risk factor for erosive gastritis in men, but not in women. These findings indicate the need for additional studies to clarify the role of gender and depression in erosive gastritis.
Keywords: Depression; Korean Version of Beck Depression Inventory; Endoscopic Erosive Gastritis; Sex
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