Korean J Fam Pract. 2018; 8(1): 66-72  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2018.8.1.66
Vitamin D Level and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Adults: Relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Coronary Artery Calcium Score
Jung-Hui Lee1, Hyun-Min Koh1,*, Jun-Seok Son2, Sung-Kyoung Jo1
Departments of 1Family Medicine and 2Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
Hyun-Min Koh
Tel: +82-55-290-5522, Fax: +82-55-290-1224
E-mail: sunkhm@naver.com
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3499-6198
Received: March 13, 2017; Accepted: July 17, 2017; Published online: February 20, 2018.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Several studies have examined the association between vitamin D level and cardiovascular disease. This study evaluated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level and coronary artery calcification score (CACS) in adult patients who visited a health promotion center.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 4,143 participants from the Samsung Changwon Hospital health promotion center between January and December 2013. The participants’ serum 25(OH)D levels and CACSs were measured. Using a CACS of 0 as the standard, the subjects were divided into a non-calcification group with scores of 0 and a calcification group with scores exceeding 0. Student t-test and chi-square test were used to evaluate the baseline characteristics between the two groups. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the correlation between serum 25(OH)D level and cardiovascular risk factors. The odds ratio for the association between serum 25(OH)D level and coronary artery calcification was analyzed using a multiple logistic regression analysis.
Results: Serum 25(OH)D level was also significantly higher in the calcification group (CACS >0) than in the non-calcification group (CACS=0, P＜0.001). However, no statistically significant correlation was found between serum 25(OH)D level and CACS (P=0.095). The same results were obtained even after adjustment for age and other factors (odds ratio, 0.998; 95% confidence interval, 0.982–1.014; P=0.783).
Conclusion: Vitamin D level was not associated with CACS.
Keywords: Vitamin D; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Coronary Artery Calcium Score; Cardiovascular Diseases; Atherosclerosis
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