Korean J Fam Pract 2019; 9(1): 59-63  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2019.9.1.59
Association between Glycated Hemoglobin A1c and Intraocular Pressure in Nondiabetic Subjects
Kyung-O Kang1, Seong-Heub Jun2, Kyung-Suk Shin1,*, Doo-Yong Son1, Byung-Wook Yoo2, Sun-Hee Kim2, Hyun Joe2, Sung-Ho Hong2, Choo-Yon Cho2, Hwang-Sik Shin3, Yong-Jin Cho3, Jung-Eun Oh3
1Department of Family Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi; 2Department of Family Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul; 3Department of Family Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
Kyung-Suk Shin, Tel: +82-54-468-9113, Fax: +82-54-468-9032, E-mail: sks2001@schmc.ac.kr, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2456-1406
Received: May 28, 2018; Revised: October 2, 2018; Accepted: October 17, 2018; Published online: February 20, 2019.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Diabetic patients are known to have unusually high mean intraocular pressure (IOP); attributable to autonomic dysfunction and genetic factors. A recent study reported that diabetic complications occur in not only diabetes but also prediabetes. We performed this study to analyze the relationship between glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and IOP in non-diabetics using electronic medical records at the health screening center of Soon Chun Hyang University Seoul Hospital.
Methods: We considered 16,643 individuals who visited the health screening center of Soon Chun Hyang University Seoul Hospital between November 2015 and September 2017. In total, 3,029 subjects were included in the study. Exclusion criteria included a history of hypertension, diabetes, stroke, cardiovascular disease, hepatitis (A–C), cancer, other disease, fasting blood glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher, HbA1c of 6.5% or higher, and individuals whose binocular IOP could not be measured. We categorized subjects into two groups; those with HbA1c less than or equal to 5.6%, and those with HbA1c greater than 5.6% and less than 6.5%. The mean IOP of each group was compared by gender.
Results: After adjusting for factors affecting IOP, analysis of variance was performed to analyze the relationship between HbA1c and IOP. There was no statistically significant difference between the HbA1c groups in males. However, there was a significant difference in IOP between females in the the higher and lower HbA1c groups.
Conclusion: There was a statistically significant relationship between mean IOP and HbA1c in females without diabetes. Further research is needed with prospective and extensive data collection.
Keywords: Glycated Hemoglobin A1c; Diabetes Mellitus; Intraocular Pressure; Health Promotion
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