Korean J Fam Pract 2015; 5(4): 441-446  
Association between Vitamin D and Serum Cholesterol
Sung-Kyu Choi, Jin-A Park*, Sang-Keun Ham, Ji-Young Yoon, Sang-Min Kim, Jin-Young Kim, U-Tae Kim
Department of Family Medicine, Kepco Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
Received: January 21, 2015; Accepted: October 8, 2015; Published online: December 30, 2015.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

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Abstract
Background: The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency is high all over the world. Many studies in other countries have reported that serum vitamin D levels are associated with serum cholesterol levels. This study focused on the relationship between vitamin D and cholesterol levels in middle-aged and elderly Korean adults.
Methods: We used data from 2,022 individuals (men 861, women 1,161), ranging in age from 50–69 years old, based on a sample from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-3 in 2012. We then analyzed the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride levels, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as less than 25-hydroxyvitamin D 20 ng/mL.
Results: Only triglyceride levels (P<0.001) were different between the vitamin D insufficiency group and the non-vitamin D insufficiency group. Serum 25(OH)D levels are significantly inversely correlated with serum triglyceride levels (r=-0.06, P=0.01). TC, HDLC, and LDLC are not different between the vitamin D insufficiency group and the non-vitamin D insufficiency group and are not significantly correlated with serum 25(OH)D levels.
Conclusion: Only triglyceride levels were higher in the vitamin D insufficiency group than in the non-vitamin D insufficiency group. Vitamin D is inversely correlated with TC and triglyceride levels. A standardized guideline for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency should be established and further prospective studies should be performed on the correlation between vitamin D and cholesterol levels.
Keywords: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Vitamin D; Total Cholesterol; Triglyceride; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL

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