Korean J Fam Pract. 2016; 6(6): 586-591  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2016.6.6.586
Associations between Sleep Duration and Serum Vitamin D Level in Korean Women
Jiwon Kim, Woojin Lee, Hyukjung Kweon*, Eunjung Oh, Ahleum Ahn, Jisun Lee, Jaekyung Choi, Dongyung Cho
Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Hyukjung Kweon
Tel: +82-43-840-8660, Fax: +82-43-840-8962
E-mail: fmkhj@korea.com
Received: March 22, 2016; Revised: June 8, 2016; Accepted: July 22, 2016; Published online: December 20, 2016.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency and sleep disturbance are common problems in Korean women. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between self-reported sleep duration and serum vitamin D level in Korean women.
Methods: A cross-sectional data analysis was performed by using data from the 2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The confounding variables were serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, age, sex, body mass index, smoking history, alcohol consumption, menopausal status, depressive mood, self-reported daily sleep duration, physical activity, and daily sitting hours. Self-reported daily sleep duration was divided into four groups as follows; Q1 (≤4 hours), Q2 (5-6 hours), Q3 (7-8 hours), and Q4 (≥9 hours).
Results: The mean serum vitamin D levels of the subjects in the Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were 12.96, 16.21, 15.50, and 15.72 ng/mL, respectively. In a multivariate linear regression analysis, the subjects in the Q2 (B=3.547, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.655-5.438), Q3 (B=3.221, 95% CI=1.428- 5.013), and Q4 groups (B=2.910, 95% CI=0.422-5.399) had significantly higher serum vitamin D levels than the subjects in the Q1 group.
Conclusion: Shorter sleep duration (≤4 hours) may be associated with lower vitamin D levels in Korean women.
Keywords: Sleep Duration; Sleep; Vitamin D; Women
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