Korean J Fam Pract. 2016; 6(6): 635-642  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2016.6.6.635
Association between Musculoskeletal Pain and Vitamin D Deficiency: The Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2014
Hosuk Nam1, Min Yong Choi1, Young Min Park2,*
1Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; 2Department of Family Medicine, National Health Insurance Cooperation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
Young Min Park
Tel: +82-31-900-0740, Fax: +82-31-900-0049
E-mail: steelmess@naver.com
Received: March 28, 2016; Revised: September 14, 2016; Accepted: September 28, 2016; Published online: December 20, 2016.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Deficiency of vitamin D has been reported with many types of musculoskeletal pain. The present study was designed to determine the association between vitamin D deficiency and musculoskeletal pain.
Methods: This study is based on data from 2013-2014, first and second year of the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 15,568 persons participated in surbey. In total, 1,352 participants were enrolled in our analyses. Independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s test were used for group comparison (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis with calculation of adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were performed to determine associations.
Results: There is no statistically significant correlation between vitamin D and back, hip, and knee pain. The age group over 70 years has 2.226 times higher probability of having back pain than that of 50-59 years (P<0.05). The presence of depression in patients is associated with a statistically significant higher probability of having back pain by a factor of 2.143 (P<0.01). Patients with a previous smoking history have 2.135 time higher probability of reporting back pain than non-smokers. Each increase of 1 on patient’s body mass index (BMI) is associated with a 1.058 fold increase in having a knee pain (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that although there was no clear association between vitamin D denificiency and musculoskeletal pain, there was a statistically significant correlation between musculoskeletal pain and other factors, such as age, gender, smoking history, depression and patient’s BMI.
Keywords: Back Pain; Musculoskeletal Pain; Pelvic Pain; Vitamin D Deficiency
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