Korean J Fam Pract. 2017; 7(2): 166-171  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2017.7.2.166
The Relationship between Dyslipidemia and Alzheimer’s Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Heug-chun Keon1, Ji-hyeong Jang1, Min Seo1, Jee-hye Kang1, Tae-eun Kim2, Hong-tae Kim3, In-seon Kim3, Ho-sik Shin4, Bong-kyu Choi1,*
Departments of 1Family Medicine and 2Neurology, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong; 3Department of Family Medicine, Sungae Hospital, Seoul; 4Department of Neurology, Soon Chun Hyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
Bong-kyu Choi
Tel: +82-2-2680-7114, Fax: +82-2-2680-7755
E-mail: stapy74@hanmail.net
Received: March 30, 2016; Revised: June 8, 2016; Accepted: July 22, 2016; Published online: April 20, 2017.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In addition, several studies have appraised whether hyperlipidemia plays a role in the progression of AD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between plasma lipid profiles and AD in patients with T2DM.
Methods: We enrolled 64 patients with T2DM, aged 60-80 years. They were assigned to the AD group (n=32) or the normal cognition group (n=32). Sex; age; education level; geriatric depression scale score; levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol; and the proportion of patients with hypertension, were compared between the two groups. A multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between lipid profile and AD.
Results: No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of the above-mentioned factors, apart from HDL-C level; the AD group had lower HDL-C levels than the normal cognition group (t=206.9, P<0.05). However, in the multiple regression analysis, HDL-C level was not correlated with the mini-mental state examination score.
Conclusion: This study found that HDL-C levels were significantly lower in patients with T2DM who had AD than in those with normal cognition. These findings suggest that, in older patients with T2DM, a low level of HDL-C might be a risk factor for AD.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; Lipid Profile; Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
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