Korean J Fam Pract. 2017; 7(2): 188-194  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2017.7.2.188
Associations between Vitamin D and Insulin Resistance in Korean Adolescents: 2008, 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yu-Jin Kim, Yu-Lee Kim*, Kun-Woo Kim, In-Jeong Cho, Bong-Woon Hwang
Department of Family Medicine, Busan Medical Center, Busan, Korea
Yu-Lee Kim
Tel: +82-51-507-3000, Fax: +82-51-507-3001
E-mail: 07721052@hanmail.net
Received: April 15, 2016; Revised: July 7, 2016; Accepted: July 22, 2016; Published online: April 20, 2017.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Recent studies imply that vitamin D levels are associated with insulin resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and insulin resistance in Korean adolescents.
Methods: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the Korean population was conducted in 2008-2009. This study included 1,556 adolescents (aged 12-18 years). They were categorized into three groups according to their serum 25(OH)D levels, and into two groups according to their homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels (top 25th percentile). Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of HOMA-IR and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relative risk of insulin resistance.
Results: The results of this study suggested that low serum 25(OH)D levels (10.0 ng/mL≤25(OH)D<20.0 ng/mL) were associated with increased odd ratios (ORs) for having high HOMA-IR, compared with normal serum 25(OH)D level (25(OH)D≥20.0 ng/mL) in boys (OR=1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-2.21, adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, alcohol intake; OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.07-2.47).
Conclusion: Serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with insulin resistance in adolescent boys. Further studies are warranted to determine the association between variations in the intake of vitamin D, and insulin resistance.
Keywords: Vitamin D; Insulin Resistance; Adolescents; Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance
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