Korean J Fam Pract. 2018; 8(2): 214-219  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2018.8.2.214
The Association between Coffee Consumption and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Korean Adults
Kwang-hyun Shin, Kyo-jin Seok*, Jun-beom Park, Se-jung Jang
Department of Family Medicine, Kwak’s Hospital, Daegu, Korea
Kyo-jin Seok
Tel: +82-53-605-3580, Fax: +82-53-605-3593
E-mail: sniper912@hanmail.net
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1402-2011
Received: April 12, 2017; Revised: August 23, 2017; Accepted: August 30, 2017; Published online: April 20, 2018.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Coffee is known as the world’s most commonly consumed beverage and is known to have a large influence on health. However, the relationship between coffee consumption and kidney function is unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between coffee consumption and kidney function in Korean adults using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
Methods: The study subjects were 2,110 participants (743 men and 1,367 women) of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. The coffee consumption frequency was assessed using a questionnaire. We categorized coffee consumption frequency as follows: ＜1 cup/day, 1 cup/day, 2 cups/day, and ≥3 cups/day. eGFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation. The chi-square test and t-test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the association between coffee consumption and eGFR.
Results: In habitual coffee consumers, the mean eGFR and proportion of normal or increased eGFR (NIGFR) were significantly lower than those in non-habitual coffee consumers (P＜0.001). After adjusting for all confounding factors, the odds ratio of NIGFR was 0.456 (95% confidence interval, 0.235–0.878) only in the male habitual coffee consumers.
Conclusion: We found an inverse relationship between habitual coffee consumption and eGFR. Habitual coffee consumption was inversely correlated with NIGFR only in men.
Keywords: Coffee; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Kidney; Korea
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