Korean J Fam Pract. 2018; 8(3): 473-476  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2018.8.3.473
A Study on Relationship between Bone Mineral Density and Metabolic Syndrome in Healthy Male and on Relevant Factors to Bone Mineral Density in Smokers
Han Sook Kim1, Sung-Goo Kang2,*, Sun Wook Hwang1, Hye Yeon Kim1
1Department of Family Medicine, St. Paul’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea; 2Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Sung-Goo Kang
Tel: +82-31-249-8308, Fax: +82-31-249-8253
E-mail: hippo94@naver.com
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4627-291X
Received: June 23, 2017; Revised: October 11, 2017; Accepted: October 19, 2017; Published online: June 20, 2018.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis in males has lower prevalence, awareness, and treatment rates than that in females. However, if fracture occurs, the injury is generally more serious in males. This study evaluated potential factors associated with loss of bone mineral density (BMD) in male smokers and analyzed its relationship with the metabolic syndrome.
Methods: The participants were 140 male adults who had undergone BMD testing at the Medical Examination Saint Paul’s Hospital. We selected medical records retrospectively and extracted data regarding BMD, smoking history, criteria for metabolic syndrome diagnosis, vitamin D levels, and routine blood tests. The association between BMD and metabolic syndrome was evaluated. In addition, relevant factors associated with BMD in male smokers were analyzed.
Results: Aging and metabolic syndrome in male smokers showed a significant association with BMD on multiple regression analysis (P=0.044 and P=0.027, respectively).
Conclusion: BMD in males showed a positive association with metabolic syndrome and a negative relationship with aging.
Keywords: Male; Osteoporosis; Bone Density; Smokers; Metabolic Syndrome
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