Korean J Fam Pract. 2018; 8(4): 578-584  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2018.8.4.578
The Sex-Differential Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Urban Residents
Insub Kim1, Hyeonyoung Ko1, Sujeong Shin1, Min Seob Sim2, Hyoung Gon Song3, Yun-Mi Song1,*
Departments of 1Family Medicine, 2Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; 3GemVax & KAEL Co., Ltd, Daejeon, Korea
Yun-Mi Song Tel: +82-2-3410-2440, Fax: +82-2-3410-0388 E-mail: yunmisong@skku.edu ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9232-5563
Received: July 6, 2017; Revised: September 1, 2017; Accepted: September 10, 2017; Published online: August 20, 2018.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: The relation between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and health-related quality of life (QOL) based on sex were controversial with few studies conducted in rural areas.
Methods: The study subjects were 966 residents (372 men and 594 women) of a Korean non-urban community, who undertook a routine medical check-up that was provided free of charge. We assessed the QOL using the EuroQoL-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and EuroQoL Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS).MetS was identified based on the modified National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of having low QOL in subjects with MetS, as compared to that in subjects without MetS.
Results: In both sexes, there were no significant differences in the mean levels of the QOL index or EQ-VAS between those with or without MetS. In women, MetS was associated with an increased risk of having a low EQ-5D index score (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.12–2.47), whereas men with MetS tended to have a decreased risk of having a low EQ-5D index score (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30–0.94). There was no association between MetS and low EQ-VAS in both sexes.
Conclusion: MetS in adults living in rural areas was significantly associated with health-related QOL, with differential directions based on sex. The risk of having low QOL was only evident in women. These findings suggest that special attention is needed toward the QOL of women with MetS.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome; Health-Related Quality of Life; Koreans
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