Korean J Fam Pract. 2018; 8(6): 841-847  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2018.8.6.841
Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Korean Adults
Shorry Lea1, Miso Jang1, Yeji Kim1, Hee-Kyung Joh1,2,3,*, Cheol Min Lee4, Seung-Won Oh4, Bumjo Oh5, Hochun Choi4, Ho Bum Lee1
1Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul; 2Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul;
3Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Health Service Center, Seoul; 4Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul; 5Department of Family Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
Hee-Kyung Joh
Tel: +82-2-880-5338, Fax: +82-2-880-9274
E-mail: hkjoh@snu.ac.kr
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3854-7012
Received: August 22, 2017; Revised: October 19, 2017; Accepted: October 22, 2017; Published online: December 20, 2018.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Evidence for the association between vitamin D and cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood is very limited. We investigated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and various cardio-metabolic risk factors in young Korean adults.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on health checkup data of 4,124 healthy male and female university students aged 18?39 years in Seoul, South Korea between April and May 2013. Serum 25(OH)D, lipid profile, fasting glucose, and anthropometric data were measured; lifestyle, dietary intake, and sociodemographic data were collected. General linear regression and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations
between serum 25(OH)D levels and cardio-metabolic risk factors and calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: The mean concentration of serum 25(OH)D was 11.1 ng/mL. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, sedentary time, alcohol use, smoking status, multivitamin use, and family history of cardiovascular disease, 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with total cholesterol (P=0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P=0.006), triglyceride (P<0.001), and fasting glucose (P=0.019) levels. Compared with individuals in the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D levels, adjusted ORs (95% CIs) in the highest quartile were 0.74 (0.61?0.91) for total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, 0.82 (0.68?0.99) for LDL cholesterol ≥100 mg/dL, 0.47 (0.30?0.74) for triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dL, and 0.45 (0.25?0.84) for fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL.
Conclusion: Serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with serum lipid and glucose levels in young Korean adults, and these associations were independent of other known risk factors.
Keywords: Cardio-Metalic Health Marker; Vitamin D; Young Adult
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