Korean J Fam Pract 2019; 9(1): 64-70  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2019.9.1.64
The Relationship between Serum C-Reactive Protein and the Coffee Consumption in the Korean Adult Men and Women
Yeon-Jung Kim, Keun-Mi Lee, Seung-Pil Jung*
Department of Family Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
Seung-Pil Jung, Tel: +82-53-620-3180, Fax: +82-53-654-2413, E-mail: spjung@yu.ac.kr, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-3624
Received: May 29, 2018; Revised: September 5, 2018; Accepted: September 12, 2018; Published online: February 20, 2019.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Coffee is a rich source of dietary antioxidants and is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. In recent times, substantial research has been published on its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect in addition to its effect as a stimulant. Chronic low-grade inflammation is known to affect the pathogenesis of diverse diseases such as cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) is a good marker of chronic inflammation in the body. Therefore, we examined the relationship between coffee consumption and serum CRP.
Methods: Participants were 759 men and 1,003 women, aged 20–64 years, who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015. We categorized coffee consumption as follows: less than one cup a day, two to four cups a day, and five or more cups a day. Additionally, we classified women into pre- and post-menopausal women. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between coffee consumption and serum CRP.
Results: Coffee consumption showed no measurable relationship with serum CRP in men and in pre- and post-menopausal women. However, serum CRP increased progressively with increase in coffee consumption in men reported high-risk alcohol use (P=0.005).
Conclusion: Except for high-risk male drinkers, there is no association between coffee consumption and serum CRP.
Keywords: Caffeine; Coffee; C-Reactive Protein; Alcohols
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