Korean J Fam Pract 2019; 9(2): 204-211  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2019.9.2.204
Dietary Patterns Assessed by the Diet Quality Index-International Among Cancer Survivors Compared with Healthy Control Subjects: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2013-2015
Yoojin Lee1, Hye Yeon Koo2, In Young Cho2, Minkyeung Jo1, Kyung Chul Kim1, Yoon Hee Eum1, Ju Young Kim2, Kiheon Lee2, Kee Hyuck Lee2, Se Young Jung2, Hyejin Lee2, Sarah Kim4, Jong Soo Han3, Woo Kyung Bae3,*
1Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul; 2Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; 3Department of Family Medicine, Health Promotion Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; 4International Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
Woo Kyung Bae, Tel: +82-31-787-7805, Fax: +82-31-787-4078, E-mail: 65597@snubh.org, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6729-4128
Received: July 25, 2018; Revised: November 12, 2018; Accepted: November 12, 2018; Published online: April 20, 2019.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Dietary patterns have a significant impact on prognosis, recurrence, and survival in patients with cancer. This study investigated dietary patterns using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) in cancer survivors compared to those in the general population without cancer.
Methods: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI data, cancer survivors were defined as those diagnosed with cancer more than 1 year before the survey. The associations between possible predictors and the DQI-I score were examined using t-tests and analysis of variance. Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was performed to compare the differences in DQI-I scores between cancer survivors and controls.
Results: In univariate analysis of 9,351 subjects (433 cancer survivors and 8,918 controls), age, sex, body mass index, marital status, education level, income, residential area, smoking status, and alcohol consumption were associated with the DQI-I score (each P-value <0.05). After adjustment, cancer survivors showed higher DQI-I scores than the controls (67.40±8.90 vs. 65.50±9.40, P-value=0.007). In subgroup analysis, cancer survivors within 5 years after cancer diagnosis showed higher DQI-I scores than the controls (68.70±8.30 vs. 65.50±9.40, P-value=0.034), whereas those who survived beyond 5 years post-diagnosis did not show significant differences from the controls (66.70±9.20 vs. 65.50±9.40, P-value=0.063).
Conclusion: Cancer survivors within 5 years of cancer diagnosis showed better dietary patterns than those in the general population. However, the differences were not observed after 5 years post-diagnosis. To reduce the risks of second primary cancer and mortality, targeted inventions for dietary habits are necessary for long-term survivors of cancer.
Keywords: Diet Quality Index-International; Dietary Pattern; Cancer Survivors
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