FRAMES motivational enhancement interview
| Element | Contents | Examples of conversation |
|---|---|---|
| ① Feedback | Provision of objective evidences | “Liver function became worse due to heavy drinking.” |
| “You have withdrawal symptoms.” | ||
| ② Responsibility | Emphasis of responsibility for changes | “Other people cannot change your behaviors.” |
| “You have to change by yourself.” | ||
| ③ Advice | Advices to improve problematic behaviors | “Problems will be worsened as long as your drinking continues.” |
| “Changes are needed.” “Moderate drinking is needed.” | ||
| “You have to quit drinking.” | ||
| ④ Menu | Provision of various strategies that patients can choose | “Would you determine the drinking frequency?” |
| “Would you determine the quantity of drink?” | ||
| “Why don’t you do this when you drink?” | ||
| “Would you write a drinking diary?” | ||
| “May I connect you to an alcohol education program?” | ||
| ⑤ Empathy | Interview attitudes with warmly understanding of patients | “You were in such a situation so you had no choice but to drink.” |
| “You must have been feeling bad.” | ||
| “Your family members are very worried.” | ||
| ⑥ Self-efficacy | Enhancement of patients’ self-esteem that they can change | “If you try a little, you have a very strong possibility to get better.” |
| “You have a strong will so you can do well.” |