Factors associated with multimorbiditya (n=4,460)
| Variable | Univariate | Multivariate |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 1.07 | 0.92–1.25 | 1.12 | 0.92–1.37 | |
| Age | |||||
| 40–44 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 45–49 | 2.41 | 1.62–3.58 | 2.20 | 1.47–3.29 | |
| 50–54 | 3.47 | 2.40–5.02 | 3.01 | 2.05–4.40 | |
| 55–59 | 6.68 | 4.70–9.49 | 5.65 | 3.91–8.17 | |
| 60–64 | 12.40 | 8.75–17.45 | 10.02 | 6.93–14.48 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 1 | 1 | |||
| Unmarried | 1.63 | 1.35–1.96 | 1.23 | 1.00–1.51 | |
| Education (y) | |||||
| More than 12 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 12 or less | 2.57 | 2.22–2.99 | 1.06 | 0.81–1.16 | |
| Current smoking | |||||
| No | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 0.98 | 0.82–1.18 | 1.06 | 0.84–1.33 | |
| Alcohol (times/wk) | |||||
| 1 or less | 1 | 1 | |||
| More than 2 | 1.02 | 0.86–1.21 | 1.20 | 0.97–1.48 | |
| Weekly strength exercise |
|||||
| More than 3 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 2 or less | 1.02 | 0.85–1.23 | 0.83 | 0.68–1.02 | |
| Private insurance | |||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | |||
| No | 2.68 | 2.26–3.19 | 1.68 | 1.39–2.04 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | |||
| Underweight | 1.11 | 0.65–1.91 | 0.97 | 0.54–1.74 | |
| Obesity | 2.32 | 2.00–2.70 | 2.30 | 1.96–2.70 | |
| Subjective health status | |||||
| Good | 1 | 1 | |||
| Usual | 2.50 | 1.98–3.17 | 2.47 | 1.93–3.15 | |
| Bad | 7.60 | 5.95–9.72 | 6.37 | 4.90–8.28 | |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index.
aMultimorbidity was defined as three or more disease among hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, renal failure, diabetes, thyroid disease, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis.
bOdds ratios (95% confidence interval) was adjusting for age, sex, education, marital status, private insurance, alcohol, current smoking, frequency of strength exercise, obesity and subjective health status using logistic regression analysis.