General characteristics of study group
| Variable | No. (%) | Value | Total no. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | - | 4,277 | |
| Male | 1,891 (44.2) | ||
| Female | 2,386 (55.8) | ||
| Age (y) | 50.0±16.3 | 4,277 | |
| 19–29 | 547 (12.8) | ||
| 30–39 | 625 (14.6) | ||
| 40–49 | 768 (18.0) | ||
| 50–59 | 756 (17.7) | ||
| 60–69 | 653 (15.3) | ||
| ≥70 | 928 (21.7) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.1±3.5 | 4,253 | |
| <23 | 1,734 (40.8) | ||
| 23–25 | 992 (23.3) | ||
| ≥25 | 1,527 (35.9) | ||
| Systolic BP (mm/Hg) | 118.5±16.7 | 4,257 | |
| <140 | 3,788 (89.0) | ||
| ≥140 | 469 (11.0) | ||
| Diastolic BP (mm/Hg) | 76.1±10.3 | 4,257 | |
| <90 | 3,837 (90.1) | ||
| ≥90 | 420 (9.9) | ||
| HbA1c (%) | 5.7±0.8 | 4,277 | |
| <6.5 | 3,872 (90.5) | ||
| ≥6.5 | 405 (9.5) | ||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 193.6±37 | 4,277 | |
| <240 | 3,824 (89.4) | ||
| ≥240 | 453 (10.6) | ||
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 136.4±104.5 | 4,277 | |
| <150 | 2,999 (70.1) | ||
| ≥150 | 1,278 (29.9) | ||
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51.0±12.4 | 4,276 | |
| <40 | 736 (17.2) | ||
| ≥40 | 3,540 (82.8) | ||
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 115.7±34.3 | 692 | |
| <160 | 622 (89.9) | ||
| ≥160 | 70 (10.1) | ||
| FBS (mg/dL) | 101.2±22.6 | 4,277 | |
| <126 | 3,925 (91.8) | ||
| ≥126 | 352 (8.2) | ||
| WBC count (103/μL) | 6.0±1.4 | 4,277 | |
| <8.0 | 3,847 (89.9) | ||
| ≥8.0 | 430 (10.1) | ||
| hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 0.490 |
4,277 | |
| <0.98 | 3,194 (74.7) | ||
| ≥0.98 | 1,083 (25.3) | ||
| Urinary cotinine (ng/mL) | 0.797 |
3,459 | |
| <50 (non-smoker) | 2,574 (74.4) | ||
| ≥50 (smoker) | 885 (25.6) | ||
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or median (range).
BP, blood pressure; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1C; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; FBS, fasting blood sugar; WBC, white blood cells; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.