Logistic regression analysis of associations between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and nutrient intakes according to estimated average requirement (EAR)
| Intake each component above the EAR | aOR (95% confidence interval) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal) | 0.920 (0.821–1.032) | 0.155 |
| Protein (g) | 0.863 (0.743–1.001) | 0.052 |
| Fat-soluble vitamins | ||
| Vitamin A (μgRE) | 0.943 (0.841–1.057) | 0.310 |
| Water-soluble vitamins | ||
| Vitamin C (mg) | 0.887 (0.789–0.997) | 0.044 |
| Vitamin B1 (mg) | 0.913 (0.794–1.049) | 0.199 |
| Vitamin B2 (mg) | 0.983 (0.863–1.119) | 0.792 |
| Niacin (mg) | 0.897 (0.783–1.028) | 0.119 |
| Major minerals | ||
| Calcium (mg) | 0.960 (0.845–1.091) | 0.532 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 0.830 (0.687–1.002) | 0.052 |
| Sodium (mg) | 0.931 (0.753–1.151) | 0.508 |
| Potassium (mg) | 0.945 (0.827–1.079) | 0.400 |
| Trace minerals | ||
| Iron (mg) | 0.955 (0.789–1.157) | 0.639 |
aOR, adjusted odds ratio.
aAdjusted for age, sex, body mass index, household income, smoking status, total energy intake, odds ratio for COPD risk of those who had intake of each component above EAR compared to that of below EAR.