Clinical characteristics according to the Korean Healthy Eating Index in Korean adults
Characteristics | Korean Healthy Eating Index | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (16.0–55.1) | Q2 (55.2–64.5) | Q3 (64.6–73.1) | Q4 (73.2–100) | P-value | |
Unweighted N | 2,531 | 2,571 | 2,623 | 2,640 | |
Age (y) | 38.5±0.3 | 41.8±0.3 | 42.6±0.3 | 44.0±0.3 | <0.001 |
Sex (male) | 56.8±1.0 | 52.8±1.1 | 50.1±1.0 | 42.2±1.1 | <0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.9±0.1 | 23.9±0.1 | 23.7±0.1 | 23.6±0.1 | 0.004 |
Household income | <0.001 | ||||
Lowest | 10.9 (0.8) | 9.4 (0.7) | 8.1 (0.7) | 7.7 (0.7) | |
Medium-lowest | 26.9 (1.2) | 25.4 (1.1) | 23.1 (1.1) | 20.9 (1.1) | |
Medium-highest | 31.9 (1.2) | 32.6 (1.2) | 32.7 (1.2) | 30.9 (1.2) | |
Highest | 30.4 (1.3) | 32.6 (1.4) | 36.1 (1.5) | 40.5 (1.6) | |
Education level | 0.545 | ||||
Elementary school or less under | 7.6 (0.6) | 8.2 (0.6) | 8.2 (0.6) | 8.1 (0.6) | |
Middle school | 7.7 (0.7) | 9.0 (0.7) | 9.0 (0.6) | 8.0 (0.6) | |
High school | 43.0 (1.2) | 39.5 (1.2) | 40.6 (1.3) | 40.7 (1.2) | |
College or higher | 41.8 (1.3) | 43.3 (1.3) | 42.2 (1.4) | 43.1 (1.3) | |
Current smoking | 31.6 (1.2) | 26.5 (1.1) | 23.0 (1.0) | 15.3 (0.9) | <0.001 |
Physical activity | 40.7 (1.4) | 38.8 (1.3) | 41.3 (1.4) | 43.0 (1.3) | 0.086 |
High risk alcohol drinking | 26.2 (1.0) | 23.7 (1.0) | 20.7 (0.9) | 16.2 (0.9) | <0.001 |
Brushing before sleep | 46.4 (1.3) | 48.3 (1.2) | 48.3 (1.2) | 49.7 (1.2) | 0.004 |
Diabetes | 5.9 (0.5) | 6.1 (0.6) | 8.5 (0.7) | 7.2 (0.6) | 0.014 |
Hypertension | 15.8 (0.8) | 19.2 (0.9) | 20.1 (0.9) | 19.2 (0.9) | 0.003 |
Data was expressed as mean±SE for categorical variables or percentages (SE) for categorical variables.
N, number; Q, quartile; SE, standard errors.
P-values are calculated using a weighted one-way analysis of variance.