Clinical characteristic of study population
| Unweighted N | 10,365 |
| Age (y) | 41.7±0.2 |
| Sex | |
| Male | 50.5 (0.5) |
| Female | 49.5 (0.5) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.8±0.0 |
| Household income | |
| Lowest | 9.1 (0.4) |
| Medium-lowest percentile | 24.3 (0.8) |
| Medium-highest percentile | 31.9 (0.8) |
| Highest | 34.8 (1.0) |
| Education level | |
| Elementary school or less under | 8.0 (0.4) |
| Middle school | 8.4 (0.4) |
| High school | 40.8 (0.7) |
| College or higher | 42.8 (0.8) |
| Current smoker | 24.2 (0.5) |
| Physical activity | 41.1 (0.9) |
| High risk alcohol drinking | 21.8 (0.5) |
| Brushing before sleep | 48.2 (0.2) |
| Diabetes | 6.9 (0.3) |
| Hypertension | 18.5 (0.5) |
| Dental caries | 30.3 (0.7) |
Data was expressed as mean±standard errors (SE) for categorical variables or percentages (SE) for categorical variables.