Factors contributing to successful smoking cessation in a multivariate analysis
| Variable | Model 1 |
Model 2 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Female | 0.62 | 0.20–1.94 | 1.73 | 0.32–9.33 | |
| Age (y) | |||||
| <50 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| 50–64 | 0.74 | 0.36–1.50 | 0.71 | 0.20–2.59 | |
| ≥65 | 0.65 | 0.26–1.63 | 0.26 | 0.04–1.67 | |
| Alcohol consumption | |||||
| Non-drinker | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Drinker | 1.41 | 0.66–2.99 | 1.32 | 0.48–3.59 | |
| Previous attempts of smoking cessation in the past year | |||||
| No | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Yes | 0.83 | 0.43–1.59 | 0.89 | 0.37–2.15 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
| <23 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| 23–24.99 | 0.51 | 0.20–1.31 | 0.43 | 0.14–1.34 | |
| ≥25 | 0.84 | 0.37–1.94 | 0.76 | 0.28–2.07 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Divorced, widowed or single | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Married | 0.83 | 0.32–2.15 | 0.92 | 0.30–2.85 | |
| Degree of education | |||||
| High school | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| College | 0.93 | 0.45–1.92 | 1.10 | 0.43–2.78 | |
| Graduate school | 1.18 | 0.44–3.15 | 1.87 | 0.56–6.26 | |
| CV comorbidities |
|||||
| No | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Yes | 1.50 | 0.77–2.95 | 1.66 | 0.70–3.93 | |
| FTND score | |||||
| ≤3 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| 4–6 | 1.74 | 0.81–3.72 | 1.64 | 0.63–4.27 | |
| ≥7 | 1.43 | 0.59–3.49 | 1.01 | 0.30–3.37 | |
| Total years of smoking (y) | |||||
| <20 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| 20–29 | 0.61 | 0.20–1.86 | 0.32 | 0.08–1.29 | |
| 30–39 | 0.74 | 0.21–2.62 | 0.60 | 0.13–2.74 | |
| ≥40 | 1.20 | 0.27–5.31 | 1.02 | 0.15–7.04 | |
| Age of smoking initiation (y) | |||||
| <19 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| 19–24 | 1.09 | 0.47–2.51 | 1.17 | 0.42–3.24 | |
| ≥25 | 0.57 | 0.21–1.53 | 0.41 | 0.11–1.50 | |
| Previous treatment | |||||
| No medication | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Pharmacological Treatment other than Varenicline | 0.95 | 0.47–1.90 | 1.22 | 0.50–2.96 | |
| Varenicline | 0.47 | 0.15–1.52 | 0.38 | 0.08–1.85 | |
| Average number of days between sessions | |||||
| <30 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| ≥30 | 0.35 | 0.18–0.69 | 0.20 | 0.08–0.48 | |
| Number of smoking cessation sessions | |||||
| 3 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| 4 | 1.03 | 0.47–2.28 | 1.12 | 0.41–3.07 | |
| 5 | 1.29 | 0.48–3.45 | 1.63 | 0.49–5.43 | |
| ≥6 | 1.20 | 0.45–3.16 | 1.76 | 0.52–5.96 | |
| Pharmacological treatment | |||||
| Varenicline only | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Varenicline+NRT | 0.84 | 0.21–3.44 | 1.52 | 0.23–9.79 | |
| NRT only | 0.54 | 0.16–1.76 | 0.40 | 0.10–1.67 | |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ref., reference; CV, cardiovascular; FTND, Fagerström test for nicotine dependence; NRT, nicotine replacement therapy, including nicotine patch and nicotine gum.
aModel 1 was adjusted for age and sex. bModel 2 was adjusted for age, sex, alcohol consumption, previous attempts of smoking cessation in the past year, BMI, marital status, degree of education, FTND score, number of smoking cessation sessions, pharmacological treatment, average number of days between sessions, total years of smoking, age of smoking initiation, previous treatment, and cardiovascular comorbidities. cIncluding hypertension, dyslipidemia and myocardial infarction.