General characteristics of the subjects according to concordant and discordant groups
| Variable | Concordant group (n=206) | Discordant group (n=156) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 55.0±10.8 | 59.3±10.1 | <0.001 |
| Female (%) | 162±78.6 | 131±84.0 | 0.201 |
| Height (cm) | 160.0±8.4 | 157.3±8.0 | 0.002 |
| Weight (kg) | 63.2±12.4 | 59.3±9.0 | 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/cm2) | 24.6±3.5 | 24.0±3.2 | 0.100 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 81.5±9.6 | 81.8±8.7 | 0.722 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 94.6±6.4 | 93.7±6.2 | 0.160 |
| WHR | 0.86±0.07 | 0.87±0.06 | 0.048 |
| Body fat mass (kg) | 20.0±6.6 | 19.1±5.5 | 0.176 |
| Body fat% | 31.3±7.0 | 32.0±6.8 | 0.404 |
| Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 40.8±8.7 | 37.8±6.6 | 0.001 |
| MMD (kg) | 1.5±2.0 | 1.9±2.2 | 0.081 |
| Spine BMD (g/cm2) | 1.038±0.182 | 0.914±0.136 | <0.001 |
| Spine T-score | -0.41±1.45 | -1.52±1.14 | <0.001 |
| Hip BMD (g/cm2) | 0.846±0.160 | 0.752±0.121 | <0.001 |
| Hip T-score | -0.54±1.27 | -1.43±0.85 | <0.001 |
| Osteoporosis (%) |
15 (7.3) | 63 (40.4) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking (%) | 20 (9.7) | 10 (6.4) | 0.260 |
| Alcohol drinking (%) | 31 (15.0) | 9 (5.8) | 0.005 |
| Regular exercise (%) | 132 (64.1) | 103 (66.0) | 0.701 |
Data are shown as the mean±standard deviation for continuous variables and number (%) for categorical variables.
BMI, body mass index; WHR, waist hip ratio; MMD, muscle mass deficit; BMD, bone mineral density.
aP-value by independent t-test for continuous variables and by χ2 test for categorical variables (<0.05).
bOsteoporosis is defined as T-score ≤-2.5.