Odds ratios of low handgrip strength according to masticatory difficulty in age groups
Masticatory difficulty | Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
---|---|---|---|
<65 (y) | |||
Masticatory difficulty | |||
No | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
Yes | 2.52 (1.22–5.18) | 2.84 (1.37–5.89) | 2.76 (1.32–5.76) |
P–value | 0.012 | 0.005 | 0.007 |
Severity of masticatory difficulty | |||
None | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
Mild | 2.01 (0.84–4.78) | 2.27 (0.94–5.48) | 2.03 (0.82–5.02) |
Moderate | 2.86 (1.19–6.90) | 3.08 (1.27–7.43) | 3.27 (1.37–7.83) |
Severe | 4.46 (1.28–15.62) | 7.04 (1.83–27.14) | 8.34 (2.53–27.51) |
P–value | 0.003 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
≥65 (y) | |||
Masticatory difficulty | |||
No | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
Yes | 0.96 (0.59–1.56) | 0.97 (0.59–1.59) | 0.92 (0.53–1.58) |
P–value | 0.866 | 0.887 | 0.751 |
Severity of masticatory difficulty | |||
None | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
Mild | 0.83 (0.46–1.52) | 0.82 (0.45–1.51) | 0.82 (0.43–1.54) |
Moderate | 0.74 (0.41–1.33) | 0.75 (0.42–1.37) | 0.73 (0.38–1.39) |
Severe | 2.30 (1.16–4.59) | 2.32 (1.16–4.63) | 2.12 (0.99–4.53) |
P–value | 0.225 | 0.208 | 0.357 |
Values are presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval) calculated by multivariable logistic regression analysis.
aModel 1 was unadjusted.
bModel 2 was adjusted for sex and age.
cModel 3 was adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption and aerobic physical activity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.