Factors associated with contraceptive practice among sexually active male adolescents in 2018 and 2021
| Group 1 (n=1,872) | Group 2 (n=2,031) | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Standard error | n (%) | Standard error | |||
| The most commonly used method of contraception | <0.001 | |||||
| Oral contraceptives | 124 (6.0) | 0.6 | 31 (1.5) | 0.3 | ||
| Condom | 1,611 (86.8) | 0.8 | 638 (31.7) | 1.0 | ||
| Withdrawal method | 109 (5.6) | 0.5 | 160 (8.0) | 0.6 | ||
| Menstrual cycle method | 15 (0.9) | 0.2 | 28 (1.4) | 0.3 | ||
| Emergency contraceptives | 6 (0.4) | 0.1 | 11 (0.7) | 0.2 | ||
| IUD (loop) | 7 (0.4) | 0.1 | 4 (0.3) | 0.1 | ||
| Never | 1,159 (56.4) | |||||
| Sexual intercourse after alcohol drinking | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 345 (18.2) | 0.9 | 744 (38.1) | 1.2 | ||
| No | 1,527 (81.8) | 0.9 | 1,287 (61.9) | 1.2 | ||
| Sex education at school | 0.002 | |||||
| Yes | 1,306 (69.5) | 1.2 | 1,332 (64.3) | 1.3 | ||
| No | 566 (30.5) | 1.2 | 699 (35.7) | 1.3 | ||
| Grade | 0.003 | |||||
| Middle 1 | 62 (2.6) | 0.4 | 114 (4.9) | 0.5 | ||
| Middle 2 | 162 (7.3) | 0.6 | 161 (6.8) | 0.6 | ||
| Middle 3 | 234 (11.2) | 0.8 | 243 (10.3) | 0.8 | ||
| High 1 | 300 (14.9) | 0.9 | 342 (16.0) | 0.9 | ||
| High 2 | 507 (27.9) | 1.1 | 503 (24.5) | 1.1 | ||
| High 3 | 607 (36.0) | 1.3 | 668 (37.6) | 1.2 | ||
| Area of residence | 0.812 | |||||
| Large | 979 (52.3) | 1.5 | 1,082 (53.1) | 1.7 | ||
| Small | 781 (42.9) | 1.5 | 841 (42.5) | 1.7 | ||
| Rural | 112 (4.9) | 0.6 | 108 (4.4) | 0.7 | ||
| Subjective household economic status | 0.637 | |||||
| High | 862 (45.6) | 1.3 | 903 (44.8) | 1.2 | ||
| Middle | 694 (37.5) | 1.2 | 755 (37.1) | 1.1 | ||
| Low | 316 (16.9) | 0.9 | 373 (18.1) | 0.9 | ||
| Residential type | <0.001 | |||||
| With family | 1,719 (92.3) | 0.6 | 1,780 (87.4) | 0.9 | ||
| With relatives | 16 (1.0) | 0.2 | 46 (2.5) | 0.4 | ||
| With friends, or alone | 46 (2.7) | 0.4 | 51 (2.7) | 0.4 | ||
| Dormitory | 70 (3.0) | 0.4 | 69 (3.1) | 0.5 | ||
| Facility | 21 (0.9) | 0.2 | 85 (4.2) | 0.5 | ||
| Academic achievement | 0.007 | |||||
| High | 660 (34.1) | 1.1 | 704 (34.9) | 1.1 | ||
| Middle | 491 (26.8) | 1.1 | 462 (22.7) | 0.9 | ||
| Low | 721 (39.2) | 1.1 | 865 (42.4) | 1.1 | ||
| Subjective health status | 0.045 | |||||
| Healthy | 1,421 (75.6) | 1.0 | 1,475 (72.3) | 1.0 | ||
| Average | 315 (17.1) | 0.8 | 398 (19.8) | 0.9 | ||
| Not healthy | 136 (7.3) | 0.6 | 158 (7.9) | 0.6 | ||
| Subjective body type | 0.780 | |||||
| Skinny | 563 (30.6) | 1.1 | 621 (31.3) | 1.0 | ||
| Average | 711 (37.9) | 1.1 | 747 (36.8) | 1.1 | ||
| Overweight | 598 (31.6) | 1.1 | 663 (31.9) | 1.1 | ||
| Perceived stress | 0.048 | |||||
| Very stressed | 727 (38.0) | 1.2 | 825 (40.6) | 1.2 | ||
| Somewhat stressed | 771 (42.0) | 1.1 | 770 (37.8) | 1.2 | ||
| Not stressed | 374 (20.0) | 0.9 | 436 (21.5) | 1.0 | ||
| Sadness or hopelessness | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 647 (34.0) | 1.1 | 804 (40.1) | 1.2 | ||
| No | 1,225 (66.0) | 1.1 | 1,227 (59.9) | 1.2 | ||
| Suicidal idea | 0.002 | |||||
| Yes | 314 (16.6) | 0.9 | 402 (20.5) | 0.9 | ||
| No | 1,558 (83.4) | 0.9 | 1,629 (79.5) | 0.9 | ||
| Alcohol | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 812 (44.5) | 1.2 | 1,001 (51.1) | 1.2 | ||
| No | 1,060 (55.5) | 1.2 | 1,030 (48.9) | 1.2 | ||
| Smoking | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 637 (33.9) | 1.1 | 905 (46.2) | 1.3 | ||
| No | 1,235 (66.1) | 1.1 | 1,126 (53.8) | 1.3 | ||
| Drug | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 54 (2.4) | 0.3 | 181 (9.2) | 0.7 | ||
| No | 1,818 (97.6) | 0.3 | 1,850 (90.8) | 0.7 | ||
| Violence | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 94 (4.6) | 0.5 | 216 (10.7) | 0.7 | ||
| No | 1,778 (95.4) | 0.5 | 1,815 (89.3) | 0.7 | ||
| Average time spent on the Internet per day (weekday) | 0.027 | |||||
| 0≤min<200 | 1,143 (60.7) | 1.2 | 1,263 (62.5) | 1.2 | ||
| 200≤min<400 | 441 (24.0) | 1.1 | 420 (20.6) | 1.0 | ||
| 400≤min<600 | 140 (7.4) | 0.6 | 146 (7.2) | 0.6 | ||
| 600≤min | 148 (7.9) | 0.6 | 202 (9.7) | 0.6 | ||
| Average time spent on the Internet per day (weekend) | <0.001 | |||||
| 0≤min<200 | 876 (47.8) | 1.3 | 1,035 (52.1) | 1.2 | ||
| 200≤min<400 | 488 (25.7) | 1.1 | 478 (23.7) | 0.9 | ||
| 400≤min<600 | 224 (12.0) | 0.8 | 167 (7.8) | 0.6 | ||
| 600≤min | 284 (14.5) | 0.8 | 351 (16.4) | 0.9 | ||
| Year | 0.006 | |||||
| 2018 | 975 (53.0) | 1.4 | 1,143 (57.8) | 1.6 | ||
| 2021 | 897 (47.0) | 1.4 | 888 (42.2) | 1.6 | ||
Values are presented as number (estimated %), and standard error for categorical variables.
P-values were calculated by chi-square test.
Group 1 included cases of always practicing contraception and Group 2 included the rest cases with mostly, sometimes or never practicing contraception.
IUD, intrauterine devices.