Korean J Fam Pract 2024; 14(3): 133-142  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2024.14.3.133
Risk of Depression Associated with Common Chronic Eye Diseases: A Study Using the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2021)
Junghoon Park, Myongsook Noh*
Department of Family Medicine, Busan Adventist Hospital, Busan, Korea
Myongsook Noh
Tel: +82-51-600-7700, Fax: +82-51-242-0407
E-mail: yakko71@hanmail.net
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7881-5664
Received: May 16, 2024; Revised: August 21, 2024; Accepted: August 22, 2024; Published online: September 20, 2024.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Chronic diseases increase the risk of depression. We selected the most frequent chronic eye diseases and their combinations. We compared the risk of diagnosis and the current prevalence of depression based on eye diseases and their combinations.
Methods: Data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2021), which included responses from 10,910 adults aged 18 years or older who answered a questionnaire on eye diseases and diagnosis of depression, were analyzed. The study group and control group consists of 3,007 and 7,903 individuals. In the study group, individuals with a single eye disease were categorized as having cataracts, dry eye, glaucoma, macular degeneration, or other eye diseases. Patients with two eye diseases were categorized as having glaucoma with cataracts, cataracts with dry eye, cataracts with macular degeneration, or two other eye diseases. The remaining patients were classified as having three or more eye diseases. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analysis using correction variables were used for statistical analysis.
Results: The high-risk factors for depression in the past were cataracts with macular degeneration, cataracts with dry eyes, glaucoma, cataracts, and dry eye. The risk of current depression was statistically significant only for cataracts with macular degeneration, cataracts with dry eye, cataracts, and dry eye.
Conclusion: Patients with eye diseases that are highly associated with depression require active screening and treatment.
Keywords: Depression; Eye Diseases; KNHANES; Korea

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