Korean J Fam Pract 2020; 10(1): 44-52  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2020.10.1.44
The Change of Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence and Its Risk Factors in Korean Adults for Decade: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2008–2017
Min-hyun Kim1, Sang-hee Lee2, Kyung-Suk Shin1,*, Doo-Yong Son1, Sun-Hee Kim2, Hyun Joe2, Byung-Wook Yoo2, Sung-Ho Hong2, Choo-Yon Cho2, Hwang-Sik Shin3, Yong-Jin Cho3, Jung-Eun Oh3
1Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi; 2Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul; 3Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
Kyung-Suk Shin
Tel: +82-54-468-9033, Fax: +82-54-468-9032
E-mail: sks2001@schmc.ac.kr
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2456-1406
Received: September 3, 2019; Revised: November 22, 2019; Accepted: December 10, 2019; Published online: February 20, 2020.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a nationwide health problem, which is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic renal failure. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korea significantly increased from 1998 to 2007. After that, the prevalence was stable in female but still increasing in male. The objective of this study was to evaluate how the prevalence and risk factors for metabolic syndrome changed in Korean adults through the last decade.
Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008 to 2017 was used. National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III were used to define metabolic syndrome. We compared how each metabolic syndrome component and the risk factors changed through the years.
Results: A total of 51,177 (30,092 female and 21,085 male) people were included in this study. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in male increased from 24.5% in 2008 to 28.1% in 2017, whereas that in female was stable at 20.5% in 2008 from 18.7% in 2017. Waist circumference measurements and fasting glucose levels increased through the decade in male, whereas only fasting glucose levels increased in female.
Conclusion: Since the last decade, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults has increased in male but remained stable in female. Lifestyle intervention in male, namely ceasing smoking and drinking could prevent increasing metabolic syndrome prevalence in Korean adults.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome; Prevalence; Korea; Risk Factors
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