Korean J Fam Pract 2020; 10(1): 53-59  https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2020.10.1.53
Association of Serum Vitamin D Status with Prediabetes and Prehypertension in Korean Adults: An Analysis of the 2013–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
Jisoon Park1, Ga Eun Nam1,*, Jeemin Choo1, Heewoong Park1, Sang Jo Lee1, Shinwook Park1, Sunjoo Chung1, Eun Sik Lee1, Youn Huh2, Wonsock Kim1, Yeongkeun Kwon1, Yang-Hyun Kim1, Kyung-Hwan Cho1
1Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul; 2Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
Ga Eun Nam
Tel: +82-2-920-5104, Fax: +82-2-928-8083
E-mail: namgaaa@daum.net
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-9904
Received: October 1, 2019; Accepted: January 6, 2020; Published online: February 20, 2020.
© The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. All rights reserved.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have indicated that vitamin D deficiency is associated with diabetes and hypertension in adults. However, this association has not been sufficiently studied in cases of prediabetes and prehypertension. Thus, this study aimed to clarify the relationship between vitamin D levels and prediabetes and prehypertension in Korean adults.
Methods: Data from 1,808 adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the 2013–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this study. The odds ratio of prediabetes and prehypertension according to the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) status was calculated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results: Mean serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly different among females with normal glucose levels, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus. Further, the mean levels were not significantly different in both males and females of all ages with normal blood pressure, prehypertension, and hypertension. In addition, logistic regression analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D levels were not significantly associated with the odds ratio of prediabetes and prehypertension after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, calcium supplement intake, income, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and fasting glucose.
Conclusion: Serum vitamin D status was not independently associated with the risks of prediabetes and prehypertension in Korean adults.
Keywords: Vitamin D; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Prediabetes; Prehypertension; Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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